Study Cautions SNAP Purchase Restrictions Could Cost Retailers $1.6 Billion to Implement
Grocery and Convenience Industries Call for Additional Time and Clarity to Protect Program Access and Stability for Shoppers
Washington, D.C., Oct. 01, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The National Association of Convenience Stores (NACS), National Grocers Association, and FMI – The Food Industry Association, released the “SNAP Restrictions Impact Analysis,” which estimates the significant costs food retailers will face under proposed restrictions to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).
The Impact Analysis reveals that the total up-front cost from SNAP restrictions is projected to be:
- $1 billion for convenience stores;
- $305.1 million for supermarkets;
- $11.8 million for small-format stores; and
- $215.5 million for supercenters.
The total cost across all channels is expected to be approximately $1.6 billion. An amount equal to 1.9% of 2024 net income for all food retailers.
In addition to the up-front costs, ongoing annual costs of maintaining compliance are estimated at $378.6 million for convenience stores, $281.4 million for supermarkets, $18.0 million for small-format grocery stores, and $81.1 million for supercenters, totaling nearly $759.1 million per year.
In a joint statement, the three leaders of their respective industries remarked, “Food retailers and convenience stores are committed to supporting efforts to improve the nation’s health, but the proposed restrictions represent significant new costs and operational challenges. Without clear guidance and adequate time, these well-intended changes will create unexpected difficulties of both retailers and the customers they serve.”
Margaret Mannion, director of government relations at NACS, added, “These new restrictions are unprecedented. Without clear rules and the time to implement them, they will impose significant costs on all American consumers, not just SNAP participants.”
“We’re working diligently to prepare for this new reality, but a patchwork of state restrictions brings significant cost and operational hurdles – especially for smaller and rural stores – and can create confusion at checkout,” cautioned Peter Matz, director of food, pharmacy, and health policy at FMI. “Clear, consistent definitions and a more realistic timeline would help retailers successfully implement this new reality while keeping SNAP access smooth and dependable.”
“NGA’s members are committed to supporting the goals of SNAP and promoting healthy food choices, but the proposed restrictions present significant operational and financial challenges,” said Stephanie Johnson, group vice president of government affairs at NGA. “We urge USDA to work collaboratively with food retailers to ensure that independent grocers have the clarity and time needed to comply, so that SNAP recipients can continue to have access to fresh, nutritious foods without disruption or confusion,” she concluded.
According to the Impact Analysis, key cost drivers include technology updates, software and point-of-sale system upgrades, as well as the labor required to comply with new stocking, replenishment, and labeling requirements. The report emphasizes that the effects are especially severe for smaller stores, which will be required to undertake time-consuming tasks to comply with state-level rules for item qualification.
Given the scale and complexity of these changes, SNAP retailers are calling on the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and states to:
- Extend the timeline for implementing SNAP restrictions to allow retailers, especially independent and small retailers, to take adequate time to adapt systems and processes.
- Provide clear and actionable definitions of restricted foods to ensure that all retailers can comply with new regulations and waivers without ambiguity.
The full report is avaliable online here.
National Grocers Association National Grocers Association 703-516-8808 communications@nationalgrocers.org
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